In many fields such as life sciences and the pharmaceutical industry, animal experiments are crucial for obtaining reliable data and research results. Constructing animal laboratories in accordance with GLP (Good Laboratory Practice) standards is the foundation for ensuring the accuracy, reliability, and reproducibility of experimental data. Guangzhou Cleanroom Construction Co., Ltd., a company specializing in the production of purification equipment, deeply understands the complexity and importance of animal laboratory engineering construction under GLP standards and will analyze the key construction points in detail for you.

According to China's experimental animal management regulations, multiple factors need to be comprehensively weighed when selecting the site for an animal laboratory. It should be far away from noise sources such as factory workshops and busy traffic roads because continuous high - decibel noise can have a negative impact on the physiological and psychological states of experimental animals and interfere with the results of experiments. At the same time, it should be kept away from pollution sources, such as garbage disposal sites and chemical enterprises, to prevent harmful gases, sewage, and other pollutants from contaminating the living environment of experimental animals. From the perspective of wind direction, it needs to be located downwind of the factory area to avoid pollutants from other areas of the factory being blown into the animal laboratory. In addition, setting up a green isolation belt is essential. This can effectively reduce external noise and dust and also play a certain visual isolation role, ensuring that neither the factory area affects the environment of the animal laboratory nor the animal laboratory pollutes the factory area. The experimental animal house should be built in a place with a clean and quiet environment, high and dry terrain, good drainage and ventilation, and guaranteed water and electricity supply. It should also be kept away from factories, bustling residential areas, slaughterhouses, livestock and poultry farms, as well as areas threatened by epidemic sources and public hazards. The animal houses of production and scientific research units should preferably be built independently in a separate area and isolated from other departments.

When designing the plane of a GLP animal house, it is necessary to strictly follow the regulations of GB14925 - 2001 Experimental Animal Environment and Facilities and comprehensively consider the flow directions of people, logistics, and waste. A reasonable flow direction plan can effectively avoid cross - contamination and ensure the health of experimental animals and the smooth progress of experiments. Inside the GLP animal house, the number of experimental rooms should be set reasonably according to the scale of experimental animal breeding and the demand for experimental frequency and quantity, on the premise of ensuring that the room area meets the requirements for carrying out a single safety assessment project. For example, IVC cages can be selected for the breeding rooms. The design unit should reasonably plan the outer protection area, building protection area, and breeding protection area, and coordinate the control routes for personnel, animals, materials, and waste. The size of the cleaning preparation room must be determined according to the space occupied by operation contents and facilities such as disinfection and sterilization devices. Moreover, the cleaning preparation room and the cleaning corridor should be separated from the washing room by walls, and there should be no cracks in the walls.

The temperature inside the facility should be precisely maintained between 20°C and 26°C, and the daily temperature difference should not exceed 4°C. This is because experimental animals are sensitive to temperature changes. Too high or too low temperatures and large temperature fluctuations may cause disorders in the physiological functions of animals and affect the accuracy of experimental results. The relative humidity needs to be maintained within the range of 40% - 70%. Appropriate humidity can prevent the respiratory mucosa of animals from drying out, reduce the occurrence of respiratory diseases, and also help maintain the normal physiological functions of the animal's body surface.

The environmental cleanliness level of general animal breeding rooms needs to exceed Class 100,000 to meet the requirements of experimental animals. The air exchange rate of the facility is set at 15 - 20 times per hour, and the air flow velocity should not exceed 0.2 meters per second. This can ensure uniform air flow and avoid discomfort to animals caused by direct blowing. Through reasonable air exchange, waste gases such as ammonia and carbon dioxide generated by animals can be timely discharged, and fresh and clean air can be introduced to maintain indoor air quality.

The air pressure in the clean area is maintained at positive pressure, and the air pressure in the infected area is maintained at negative pressure to prevent air backflow. Positive pressure can prevent external polluted air from entering the clean area and protect experimental animals; negative pressure can ensure that harmful microorganisms in the infected area do not spread to other areas, safeguarding the safety of the laboratory and the surrounding environment.

In terms of lighting, the artificial lighting inside the facility should be maintained within the range of 150 - 300lx to provide suitable brightness for experimental operations and the life of animals. When there are no animals, the noise inside the facility should be controlled between 40 - 50dB, and when there are animals, the noise should not exceed 60dB to reduce interference to animals and avoid the impact of noise stress on experimental results.

The walls and ceilings of the GLP animal house can be made of color - coated steel plates, special inner arcs, and outer circular columns. This material has good fire - resistance, moisture - resistance, and easy - to - clean properties. The indoor ceiling height is 2.4 meters, which is convenient for equipment installation and daily maintenance. The floor is coated with 2.5 - millimeter - thick epoxy self - leveling paint, which is wear - resistant, corrosion - resistant, and seamless, making it easy to clean and disinfect. The main door is a special purification airtight door equipped with an observation window, which can ensure good airtightness and also facilitate personnel to observe the indoor situation. The inner walls should be smooth, water - resistant, wear - resistant, and resistant to disinfection solution corrosion, and the corners between walls, and between walls and the ceiling or beams should be smooth without sharp edges. Breeding rooms usually do not have external windows, and there are no internal windows between breeding rooms to avoid interference. The doors are preferably made of aluminum alloy airtight doors, and the opening direction must pay attention to the indoor and outdoor pressure differences. For the doors between the barrier and non - barrier areas, devices that prevent opening unless certain conditions are met should be installed.

The GLP animal house adopts a central air - conditioning ventilation system, and the air - conditioning equipment is located between the primary and medium - efficiency filters. A set of unitized units provides uninterrupted air supply and power supply services. The units are equipped with two compressors, one in use and one as a backup, ensuring the stable operation of the system. The air supply outlet is located on the side of the compression device, 0.25 meters above the ground. A reasonable location of the air supply outlet can ensure uniform air flow distribution. In addition, the facility should use an independent and stable power supply system to supply power to the SPF - level animal laboratory and be equipped with an emergency power source to deal with sudden power outages and ensure the stable living environment of experimental animals. In order to ensure the safe operation of the facility, a fan failure alarm system is installed in the control room of the central air - conditioning room to facilitate the timely discovery and handling of equipment failures. The air flow organization of the animal house needs to pay special attention to animal comfort and biosafety. The upper - supply and lower - exhaust method is often used, with air supply outlets evenly arranged above the laboratory and air exhaust outlets located below the laboratory. For laboratories where animals are bred in local ventilation cages, the design of upper - supply, lower - side - exhaust, and exhaust air sandwich walls can be adopted.

The animal laboratory uses pipeline water supply. Treated pure water is transported to the laboratories in the barrier system through plastic pipes, and water troughs are set up to supply sterilized drinking water and water for use within the barrier system to experimental animals, ensuring the safety of animal drinking water.

Cameras are installed in functional areas such as the entrances and exits, walkways, and laboratory breeding rooms of the laboratory to monitor and observe the laboratory, reducing disturbance to animals. At the same time, it also enables staff to grasp the operation status of the laboratory in real - time and discover abnormalities in a timely manner.

The engineering construction of animal laboratories under GLP standards is a systematic and complex project. Every link is closely connected and related to the success or failure of experiments and the welfare of animals. With a professional technical team and rich industry experience, Guangzhou Cleanroom Construction Co., Ltd. can provide you with high - quality purification equipment and overall solutions to help you build an animal laboratory that meets GLP standards.