In the field of instrument and meter production, the construction quality of cleanrooms is directly related to the precision, stability, and reliability of products. To meet the stringent environmental requirements in the production process of instruments and meters, a complete and strict set of construction standards for cleanrooms is essential. This article will elaborate on the construction standards for cleanrooms in instrument and meter production in detail, helping relevant enterprises create high-quality production environments.

Cleanrooms should preferably be located in areas with low atmospheric dust concentration, a good natural environment, and far away from pollution sources, such as traffic arteries, factory chimneys, and waste disposal sites. Meanwhile, the supporting infrastructure around should be considered, including a stable power supply, an adequate water source, and a convenient transportation network to ensure the smooth progress of production and operation. For example, in some high-tech industrial parks, the overall planning has high requirements for environmental quality and complete infrastructure, making them ideal locations for constructing cleanrooms for instrument and meter production.

The internal layout of the workshop should be reasonably designed according to the production process flow of instruments and meters, following the principle of separating the flow of people and materials to avoid cross-contamination. Generally, it can be divided into different functional areas such as the clean production area, the auxiliary area, and the personnel purification area. The clean production area is the core area and should be located in the center of the workshop, with the auxiliary area, such as the material temporary storage room and the equipment maintenance room, set around it. The personnel purification area is set at the entrance of the workshop, and personnel need to go through a series of purification procedures such as changing clothes, changing shoes, washing hands, and air showering before entering the clean production area. In addition, there should be a reasonable pressure difference gradient between areas with different cleanliness levels. For example, areas with a high cleanliness level should maintain a positive pressure relative to those with a low cleanliness level to prevent the inflow of polluted air.

Walls and ceilings should be made of materials that are smooth, flat, not easy to accumulate dust, and have good antibacterial and antistatic properties. Color steel plates are commonly used. They have the advantages of being lightweight, high-strength, heat-insulating, and easy to install. The surface coating can effectively prevent dust adhesion and bacteria growth and can also provide certain antistatic functions. In some instrument and meter production workshops with extremely high antistatic requirements, such as those for electronic measuring instrument production, antistatic color steel plates can be used to further reduce the potential harm of static electricity to products.

Floor materials need to have properties such as wear resistance, corrosion resistance, anti-slip, and easy cleaning. Epoxy self-leveling floors are a commonly used option. They can form seamless and flat floors, effectively preventing dust from accumulating in gaps. At the same time, their good chemical stability can withstand the erosion of chemical reagents that may appear during the production process. For areas with special antistatic requirements, antistatic epoxy self-leveling floors can be used to ensure that static electricity can be discharged in a timely manner, ensuring the safety and stability of instrument and meter production.

According to the cleanliness level of the workshop and the requirements of the production process, appropriate air volume and air change rate should be determined. Generally speaking, the higher the cleanliness level, the more air changes are required. For example, for an ISO 5 cleanroom, the air change rate may be as high as 20 - 50 times per hour; while for an ISO 7 cleanroom, the air change rate is usually around 15 - 25 times per hour. A reasonable air volume and air change rate can effectively ensure the air cleanliness in the workshop and promptly remove pollutants and heat generated during the production process.

The purification air conditioning system should be equipped with multi-stage filtration devices, including primary filters, medium-efficiency filters, and high-efficiency filters. The primary filter mainly filters large particulate dust in the air, such as hair and fibers; the medium-efficiency filter further intercepts medium-sized dust particles; the high-efficiency filter has extremely high filtering efficiency for tiny particulate pollutants, such as dust particles smaller than 0.5μm and microorganisms, and is a key link in ensuring that the workshop reaches a high cleanliness level. In some instrument and meter production processes with extremely strict requirements for air quality, such as the assembly workshop for high-precision optical instruments, ultra-high-efficiency filters (ULPA) may even be used to ensure that the content of particles in the air is extremely low.

Instrument and meter production has relatively strict requirements for temperature and humidity. Generally, the temperature should be controlled between 20°C and 26°C, and the relative humidity should be controlled between 45% and 65%. The purification air conditioning system adjusts the temperature and humidity parameters of the air precisely through functional modules such as cooling, heating, humidifying, and dehumidifying, using advanced PID control algorithms based on the feedback signals from the temperature and humidity sensors in the workshop to ensure the stability of the temperature and humidity in the workshop. For example, in some instrument and meter production processes that are sensitive to humidity, such as the calibration workshop for humidity sensors, precise humidity control can effectively improve the calibration accuracy and reliability of products.

The lighting in cleanrooms should use dust-free, glare-free, evenly illuminated, and energy-efficient lamps. Generally, clean fluorescent lamps or LED lamps are chosen. The lamp shades should be made of materials that are not easy to accumulate dust and have good sealing performance to prevent dust from entering the interior of the lamps and affecting the lighting effect. The illumination brightness should meet the needs of production operations. Different areas can set different illumination standards according to their functional requirements. For example, the illumination in the production operation area is generally between 300 and 500 lx, while the illumination in the inspection area may need to reach 500 - 1000 lx.

The electrical system should be safe, reliable, and stable. Wires and cables should be made of flame-retardant materials and be reasonably wired to avoid exposed lines that may cause dust accumulation and safety hazards. Electrical equipment such as distribution boxes and switches should be installed in non-clean areas or adopt sealing protection measures to prevent dust and static electricity from affecting them. Meanwhile, an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) should be equipped to deal with sudden power outages and ensure the normal operation of production equipment and the safe storage of data. Especially for some instrument and meter production equipment involving automated control and data processing, the role of UPS is particularly important.

Water supply and drainage pipes should be made of materials that are corrosion-resistant and not easy to scale, such as stainless steel pipes or PPR pipes. The water supply pipeline should ensure that the water quality meets the standards for domestic drinking water and that the water pressure is stable. The drainage system should be designed with a reasonable slope and the location of drainage outlets to ensure that the wastewater generated during the production process can be discharged from the workshop in a timely and smooth manner. At the same time, it is necessary to prevent the backflow of wastewater to cause pollution. In some instrument and meter production processes with special drainage requirements, such as workshops involving heavy metal wastewater discharge, special wastewater treatment facilities need to be set up to pretreat the wastewater so that it can meet the environmental protection discharge standards before being discharged.

For some key processes in instrument and meter production, such as chip cleaning and optical lens coating, high-purity water is required. The pure water system should adopt appropriate water production processes according to the requirements of the production process for water quality, such as a combination of technologies such as reverse osmosis (RO), ion exchange, and ultrafiltration to produce pure water that meets the requirements. For example, for chip manufacturing workshops, the resistivity of pure water is usually required to reach above 18.2 MΩ·cm. The pure water system should also be equipped with water quality monitoring devices to monitor water quality parameters in real time to ensure the stability and reliability of pure water quality.

In addition to selecting antistatic decoration materials, an electrostatic grounding system should also be set up in the workshop to ensure that all metal equipment, pipelines, workbenches, etc. are reliably grounded so that static electricity can be discharged in a timely manner. Personnel need to wear antistatic work clothes, antistatic shoes and other protective equipment when entering the workshop and use electrostatic eliminators to eliminate the static electricity carried by the human body. In some instrument and meter production processes that are extremely sensitive to static electricity, such as the packaging workshop for electronic chips, ion fans and other equipment may also be used to further neutralize the electrostatic charges in the air and minimize the impact of static electricity on products.

To control the number of microorganisms in the workshop, in addition to filtering microorganisms in the air through the purification air conditioning system, it is also necessary to regularly clean and disinfect the workshop. Methods such as ultraviolet disinfection and chemical disinfectant disinfection can be adopted. For example, after work, turn on the ultraviolet lamps to irradiate and disinfect the workshop; regularly use appropriate chemical disinfectants to wipe and disinfect the floor, walls, and equipment surfaces every week. Meanwhile, the entry of personnel and materials should be strictly controlled to prevent the introduction of external microorganisms. Personnel need to disinfect their hands before entering the workshop, and materials need to be disinfected or packaged aseptically before entering the workshop.

The construction of cleanrooms for instrument and meter production is a complex and systematic project that needs to strictly follow the above construction standards. Every link, from location selection and layout to the design and implementation of each system, is crucial. Guangzhou Cleanroom Construction Co., Ltd. specializes in the field of cleanroom construction, has rich experience and a professional technical team, and can provide all-round cleanroom construction solutions for instrument and meter production enterprises to ensure that they produce high-quality and high-precision instrument and meter products to meet the growing market demand. If you have any questions or needs regarding the construction of cleanrooms for instrument and meter production, please feel free to contact us, and we will serve you wholeheartedly.