Nine Fixed Requirements in Operating Room Purification Engineering
2024.11.04
In the medical field, the purification quality of the operating room is related to the life safety of every patient and the success or failure of the operation. The operating room purification project is like a precise fortress, and the nine fixed requirements are the key pillars to ensure the impregnability of this fortress.
1. Fixedness of Purification Grade Standards
There are clear and fixed classifications of the purification grade of the operating room, ranging from class 100 to class 10,000 and other different levels, each corresponding to strict control standards for particles and microorganisms. Class 100 operating rooms have the most stringent requirements, with no more than 350 particles of 0.5μm or larger per cubic meter of air, and no more than 5 floating microorganisms per cubic meter of air. This fixed purification grade standard is the core guideline for the entire purification project, determining a series of subsequent design and construction elements such as the air purification system and material selection to ensure that different types of operations are carried out in an environment with corresponding cleanliness.
2. Fixedness of Air Flow Direction
The air flow direction in the operating room must be stable and fixed. Generally, a unidirectional flow or non - unidirectional flow (turbulent flow) design is adopted, depending on the purification grade of the operating room. In a class 100 operating room, unidirectional flow is often used, and the air is sent vertically downward from the high - efficiency air supply outlet above the operating table at a uniform speed, and then discharged from the surrounding return air outlets, forming a "piston - type" air flow, effectively removing dust and bacteria in the operating area. In some operating rooms with a slightly lower grade, the non - unidirectional flow also has a fixed air flow pattern to ensure that the air can be purified and circulated in an orderly manner and prevent the polluted air from staying in the operating room.
3. Fixedness of Temperature and Humidity Control
The temperature and humidity in the operating room have a fixed appropriate range. The temperature is usually maintained at 22 - 25 °C, and the humidity is 40% - 60%. This fixed requirement is to create a comfortable environment for patients and medical staff, and at the same time avoid adverse effects on surgical instruments, equipment, and patient wound healing due to improper temperature and humidity. Stable temperature and humidity also help reduce the growth of bacteria and viruses through the coordinated work of the central air - conditioning system and humidity - adjusting equipment to accurately control the environmental parameters inside the operating room.
4. Fixedness of Building Structure Sealing
The sealing requirements of the building structure of the operating room are fixed. From the wall, floor to the ceiling, all connections must be tight and seamless. A curved transition design is adopted between the wall and the floor to reduce the corners where dust accumulates. Doors and windows should have good sealing performance, using air - tight materials and special sealing strips to prevent the infiltration of unpurified air from the outside and the leakage of clean air in the operating room. This fixed sealing requirement is an important part of maintaining the positive pressure state of the operating room and ensuring the air purification effect.
5. Fixedness of Purification Equipment Selection
In the operating room purification project, the selection of air purification equipment is fixed. High - efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters are essential core equipment, and their filtration efficiency, resistance and other parameters have strict standards. For class 100 operating rooms, ultra - high - efficiency HEPA filters are required, with a filtration efficiency of more than 99.99% for particles with a particle size of 0.3μm. In addition, the selection of supporting equipment such as fans and plenum chambers also needs to be fixedly selected according according to the scale, purification grade and air flow requirements of the operating room to ensure the stable operation and high - efficiency performance of the entire air purification system.
6. Fixedness of Decorative Material Performance
The decorative materials in the operating room have fixed requirements in terms of performance. The walls are mostly made of stainless steel plates or color - coated steel plates, which have a flat, smooth surface, are antibacterial, corrosion - resistant, and have good self - cleaning properties. The floor materials are usually high - quality rubber or PVC rolls, which are wear - resistant, anti - static, non - slip, easy to clean, and resistant to chemical corrosion. The ceiling is made of materials that are fire - proof, moisture - proof, and easy to clean. The fixed performance of these materials ensures that the operating room can maintain cleanliness and safety during long - term use and is convenient for daily cleaning and disinfection work.
7. Fixedness of Electrical System Safety
The safety standards of the electrical system in the operating room are fixed. A medical isolated power supply system is adopted to prevent electric leakage from harming patients and medical staff. Electrical equipment such as sockets and switches all have waterproof, moisture - proof, and antibacterial functions, and their installation positions and numbers are fixedly set according to the equipment layout of the operating room. The electrical lines of the lighting system also need to have fire - proof, explosion - proof and other safety performance to ensure the stability and reliability of the electrical system during the operation process and avoid safety accidents caused by electrical failures.
8. Fixedness of Medical Gas Supply
There are fixed requirements for medical gas supply in the operating room purification project. The pipeline laying, interface design, and gas quality of medical gases such as oxygen, nitrogen, and nitrous oxide have strict standards. The pipelines are made of high - quality stainless steel materials with good corrosion resistance and sealing performance. The pressure, flow and other parameters of the gas are fixedly controlled through pressure - reducing devices, flow meters and other equipment to ensure that stable, safe, and quality - compliant medical gases are provided for patients during the operation process.
9. Fixedness of Disinfection Process Specifications
The disinfection process specifications in the operating room are fixed and strict. There are clear disinfection steps before and after the operation, including air disinfection, instrument disinfection, floor and wall disinfection, etc. Air disinfection can be carried out by ultraviolet irradiation, air purification disinfection machines, and other methods. Each method has fixed disinfection time, frequency, and operation methods. Instrument disinfection selects appropriate disinfection and sterilization methods according to the material and use of the instrument, such as high - temperature and high - pressure sterilization, ethylene oxide sterilization, etc. Strictly following the fixed disinfection process specification is the key defense line against surgical infections.
The nine fixed requirements in the operating room purification project are like nine strong chains, interlocking with each other, jointly constructing a safe, clean, and efficient operating environment, providing a solid guarantee for the smooth progress of medical operations.
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